Full mtDNA sequence of haplogroup U1a1

Today, I want to present the latest results of haplogroup U1a1. Haplogroup U1a1 got my attention a while ago, since we have already three Kurdish individuals with U1a1 I thought to give it another post.

Kurds with U1a1:
1x U1a1 (Zaza)
1x U1a1 (Sorani)
1x U1a1 with A16182C, A16183C, T16189C, T16249C (=U1a1) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)

For the first time, we have the full mtDNA sequence of a Kurd (Sorani) with U1a1.


Of course, I compared the data of this Kurdish individual with other complete U1a1 mtDNA sequences. It turns out that he has the G9575A mutation, so he belongs to U1a1a.

Based on mtDNA haplogroup predictor his mtDNA turned out to be haplogroup U1a1a.

Best mtDNA Haplogroup Matches:
1) U1a1a
Defining Markers for haplogroup U1a1a:
HVR2: 73G 263G 285T 385G
CR: 750G 1438G 2218T 2706G 3158.1T 3591A 4769G 4991A 6026A 7028T 7581C 8860G 9575A 11467G 11719A 12308G 12372A 12879C 13104G 13422G 14070G 14364A 14766T 15148A 15326G 15954C
HVR1: 16189C 16249C
Marker path from rCRS to haplogroup U1a1a (plus extra markers):
H2a2a1(rCRS) ⇨ 263G ⇨ H2a2a ⇨ 8860G 15326G ⇨ H2a2 ⇨ 750G ⇨ H2a ⇨ 4769G ⇨ H2 ⇨ 1438G ⇨ H ⇨ 2706G 7028T ⇨ HV ⇨ 14766T ⇨ R0 ⇨ 73G 11719A ⇨ R ⇨ 11467G 12308G 12372A ⇨ U ⇨ 285T 12879C 13104G 14070G 15148A 15954C 16249C ⇨ U1 ⇨ 2218T 14364A 16189C ⇨ U1a'c ⇨ 4991A 6026A 7581C ⇨ U1a ⇨ 385G 3158.1T 3591A 13422G ⇨ U1a1 ⇨ 9575A ⇨ U1a1a ⇨ (309.1C) (315.1C) (523-) (524-) 573.1C 573.2C 2836T 4659A 10283G (16182C) (16183C) (16519C)
Good Match! Your results also had extra markers for this haplogroup:
Matches(32): 73G 263G 285T 385G 750G 1438G 2218T 2706G 3158.1T 3591A 4769G 4991A 6026A 7028T 7581C 8860G 9575A 11467G 11719A 12308G 12372A 12879C 13104G 13422G 14070G 14364A 14766T 15148A 15326G 15954C 16189C 16249C
Extras(5): (309.1C) (315.1C) (523-) (524-) 573.1C 573.2C 2836T 4659A 10283G (16182C) (16183C) (16519C)


Compared to other U1a1 individuals he has one unique mutation: A10283G.

The Sorani Kurd is sharing two mutations with the Indian samples HM156682(India) Govindaraj: C2836T and G4659A, so this seems to be a new branch of U1a1a.

The latest complete U1a1 sequence is an individual from the Behar study and one individual from Finland:
142783     Britta Laurintytar Kruskopp, Kannus? Suomi
Both belong to U1a1b, a different branch (highlighted in green).

Your private information in FTDNA projects is not safe

Today, I want to present you one out of many big downsides of FTDNA, a company that charges hundreds of dollars for very little genetic information and no customer service.

After a short (and most likely my last) discussion with FTDNA administrator lgmayka at http://eng.molgen.org he clarified that not only FTDNA employees but also volunteer administrators of FTDNA projects with unknown background and unknown history have access to private information of all project participants including name, postal address, phone number, and email address. Sometimes these projects include thousands of FTDNA customer.  FTDNA has more than 200,000 customers, many of those joined FTDNA projects without realizing this ridiculous lack of privacy.

Your private information in FTDNA projects is not safe. In case you want to keep your privacy at FTDNA you have to unsubscribe from these projects immediately. 

This lack of privacy at FTDNA might be less critical for a "John Smith from Kentucky" than for a "Abu Saeed from Pakistan".

If you "just" encrypt your personal information at FTDNA you risk loosing access to your own genetic data since FTDNA tends to block people and email addresses with no contact information (yes, they might change/block your log in password, too).

Kurdish mtDNA data VII

Today, I want to present data from Comas et al., 2000, Quintana-Murci et al., 2004, and Al-Zahery et al., 2012:

Only the HVR-1 region was sequenced in Comas et al., 2000 and Quintana-Murci et al., 2004, so the information is very limited. I tried to extract as much as possible. Al-Zahery et al., 2012 sequenced HVR-1 and HVR-2 region of mtDNA.

Comas et al., 2000 (N=29):
6x H
2x H with T16311C
1x H with T16311C, C16256T, T16352C (=H14a +T16311C )
1x H with C16218T (=H1ag1a or H1aq1 or H20)
1x H with A16309G, A16318T (=U7)
1x H with C16192R, C16261T (similar to: JN415470(Italy-LHON) Achilli Haplogroup H 19-AUG-2012
1x H with C16071T, G16145A, C16234 (=R2 +G16145A+C16234)
1x T with T16126C, C16294T, C16296T, C16256T, A16317G (=T2a1b2b +A16317G)
1x T with T16126C, C16067T, T16311C (=JT)
1x K with T16224C, T16311C
2x K with T16224C, T16311C, T16093C, C16260T (=K1a1+C16260T, or K1a17a+T16093C)
1x K with T16224C, T16311C, A16240G (=K+A16240G)
1x K with T16224C, T16311C, A16272G (=K+A16272G)
1x U1 with A16182C, A16183C, T16189C, T16249C (=U1a1)
1x U3 with A16343G (=U3)
1x U3 with A16343G, C16193T, T16249C (=U3c)
1x W with C16292T, C16192T, C16223T,  T16324C (=W6)
1x X with T16189C, C16278T, C16186T (=X+C16186T)
1x I with G16129A, C16223T
1x I with G16129A, C16223T, T16172C, T16189C, C16083T, C16355T (=I1a1d+C16083T, C16355T)
1x Other with C16223T, T16086C, G16153A, G16319A (=N2a+T16086C)
1x Other with C16223T, G16145A, C16176G (=N1b1)

Quintana-Murci et al., 2004 (N=20):
1x H CRS

1x H T16086C (=H15b; close to EU600353(Druze) Shlush)
1x HV* CRS
1x HV* 16174
1x HV1 C16067T, C16355T (=HV1a1)
1x HV2 C16168T, T16189C, T16217C, C16287T 
1x I G16129A, C16168T, T16172C, 16173, C16223T (=I1a)
1x J1 C16069T, T16126C, G16145A, C16222T, A16235G, C16261T, T16311C (=J1b1b2 or J1b3)
1x J1 C16069T, T16126C, G16145A, C16222T, C16261T,  C16278T, C16287T (=J1b4)
1x K 16093, T16224C, T16311C (=K1a)

1x K 16129, T16224C, T16311C (= K1a11 or K2b2)
1x U5 T16093C, T16189C, C16270T
1x U7 C16069T, A16227G, C16278T, A16318C, T16359C (very close to HM852853(Turk 187) Schoenberg)
1x U7 C16192T, A16309G, A16318T
1x U7 T16243C, A16309G, A16318T
1x U7 A16309G, A16318T
1x U8b A16066G, G16129A, C16169T, A16183C, T16189C, C16234T, T16311C (=U8b1a1)
1x U8b C16111T, T16172C, A16183C, T16189C, T16311C
1x W C16223T, C16292T, C16286T (=W4a)

1x W C16223T, C16292T


Al-Zahery et al., 2012 (N=15):

1x    H5    16051G    16255A    16304C    16319A    16327T    263G    315.1C    456T           
2x    J1b1b1    C16069T    T16126C    G16145A    C16261T    16519C    A73G    A263G    C295T    309.1C    315.1C    C462T    T489C    523DEL    524DEL   (very close to JF939049(Armenian))
1x    J1c2m (old J1c2a)  C16069T    T16126C    16148T    A73G    185A    228A    A263G    C295T    315.1C    C462T    T489C    523DEL    524DEL  (close to JQ797801 from Romania and  JQ797802 from West-Siberia (Khanty))         
1x    L3e5    16037G    A16041G    C16223T    A73G    C150T    A263G    315.1C    T398C    523DEL    524DEL                           
1x    M1a1    G16129A    16182C    16183C    T16189C    C16223T    T16249C    T16311C    T16359C    C16360T    T16519C    A73G    T195C    A263G    309.1C    309.2C    315.1C    T489C
1x    R0    16519C    16524C    263G    315.1C                                                   
1x    R0    16368C    16519C    263G    309.1C    315.1C                                               
1x    T1a7   T16126C    A16163G    C16186T    T16189C    G16274A    C16294T    T16519C    A73G    A263G    309.1C    315.1C    A512G  (close to EU935435(Egypt) Kujanova and JQ798027 (Israel))
1x    T1b    T16126C    A16163G    T16189C    T16243C    A16247G    C16294T    T16519C    A73G    152C    A263G    309.1C    315.1C    524.1A    524.2C           
1x    U1b    C16111T    16214A    T16249C    G16319A    C16327T    T16519C    A73G    T146C    T152C    A263G    C285T    315.1C    572T               
1x    U3c    C16193T    T16249C    A16343G    G16526A    A73G    C150T    A263G    315.1C  (close to HM852797(Azeri34) and HM852803(Azeri42) Schoenberg)               
1x    U4    T16356C    T16519C    A73G    T195C    A263G    309.1C    315.1C    G499A    524.1A    524.2C                         
1x    U7a    A16309G    A16318T    T16519C    A73G    C151T    T152C    A263G    309.1C    315.1C    523DEL    524DEL                       
1x    W3    G16153A    C16223T    C16292T    C16294T    T16519C    A73G    T152C    A189G    C194T    T195C    T199C    T204C    G207A    A263G    309.1C    315.1C   

 To summarize all Kurdish mtDNA (N=88):

1x B4b1a (Kurd from Turkey) 
1x C4b (Alevi Kurmanji)
1x G2a (Sorani)
1x H CRS (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
6x H (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
2x H with T16311C  (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x H with C16218T (=H1ag1a or H1aq1 or H20) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x H with C16192R, C16261T (similar to: JN415470(Italy-LHON) Achilli Haplogroup H 19-AUG-2012 (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x H5  16051G, 16255A, 16304C, 16319A, 16327T, 263G, 315.1C, 456T (Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)  1x H5a1 (Sorani)
1x H13a2 (Alevi Kurmanji from Dersim)
1x H14 (Yezidi)
1x H14a with T16311C, C16256T, T16352C (=H14a +T16311C ) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x H15a1 (Sorani; mtDNA fully sequenced here and here)
1x H15b (Sorani)
1x H15b T16086C (close to EU600353(Druze) Shlush)(Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x HV* CRS (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x HV* 16174 (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x HV1a1 C16067T, C16355T (=HV1a1) (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x HV2 C16168T, T16189C, T16217C, C16287T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x HV (Sorani)
1x HV (Kurmanji from Zakho)
1x I1a G16129A, C16168T, T16172C, 16173, C16223T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x I with G16129A, C16223T (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x I1a1d with G16129A, C16223T, T16172C, T16189C, C16083T, C16355T (=I1a1d+C16083T, C16355T) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x I5a (Zaza from Dersim)
1x J1b C16069T, T16126C, G16145A, C16222T, A16235G, C16261T, T16311C (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x J1b (Sorani)
2x J1b1b1 C16069T, T16126C, G16145A, C16261T, 16519C, A73G, A263G, C295T, 309.1C    315.1C, C462T, T489C, 523DEL, 524DEL   (very close to JF939049(Armenian)) (Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x J1b4 C16069T, T16126C, G16145A, C16222T, C16261T,  C16278T, C16287T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x J1c (Alevi Kurmanji from Dersim)
1x J1c2m (old J1c2a)  C16069T, T16126C, 16148T, A73G, 185A, 228A, A263G, C295T, 315.1C, C462T, T489C, 523DEL, 524DEL  (close to JQ797801 from Romania and  JQ797802 from West-Siberia (Khanty))(Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)  
1x J1d (Feyli, originally from Iran)
1x J1d (Kurd from Iraq)
1x J2a1a  (Kurd from Turkey)
1x J2b1 (Kurd from Iraq/Iran)
1x JT with T16126C, C16067T, T16311C (=JT) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x K1a T16093C, T16224C, T16311C (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x K 16129, T16224C, T16311C (= K1a11 or K2b2) (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x K with T16224C, T16311C (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
2x K with T16224C, T16311C, T16093C, C16260T (=K1a1+C16260T, or K1a17a+T16093C)(Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x K with T16224C, T16311C, A16240G (=K+A16240G) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x K with T16224C, T16311C, A16272G (=K+A16272G) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x L3e5 16037G, A16041G, C16223T, A73G, C150T, A263G, 315.1C, T398C, 523DEL, 524DEL
(Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x M1a1 G16129A, 16182C, 16183C, T16189C, C16223T, T16249C, T16311C, T16359C, C16360T, T16519C, A73G, T195C, A263G, 309.1C, 309.2C, 315.1C, T489C (Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x N1b1 (Alevi Kurmanji from Dersim)
1x N1b1 with C16223T, G16145A, C16176G (=N1b1) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x N2a with C16223T, T16086C, G16153A, G16319A (=N2a+T16086C) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x R0 16519C, 16524C, A263G, 315.1C (Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)                               1x R0 16368C, 16519C, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C (Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)   
1x R2 with C16071T, G16145A, C16234 (=R2 +G16145A+C16234) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x T1 (Feyli)
1x T1a7 T16126C, A16163G, C16186T, T16189C, G16274A, C16294T, T16519C, A73G, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C, A512G  (close to EU935435(Egypt) Kujanova and JQ798027 (Israel))(Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x T2a1b2b with T16126C, C16294T, C16296T, C16256T, A16317G (=T2a1b2b +A16317G) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x T1b T16126C, A16163G, T16189C, T16243C, A16247G, C16294T, T16519C, A73G, 152C, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C, 524.1A, 524.2C (Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x T2b (Kurd from Turkey)
1x U1a1 (Zaza)
1x U1a1 (Sorani)
1x U1a1 with A16182C, A16183C, T16189C, T16249C (=U1a1) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x U1b C16111T, 16214A, T16249C, G16319A, C16327T, T16519C, A73G, T146C, T152C, A263G, C285T, 315.1C, 572T (Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x U3 with A16343G (=U3) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x U3c with A16343G, C16193T, T16249C (=U3c) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x U3c C16193T, T16249C, A16343G, G16526A, A73G, C150T, A263G, 315.1C  (close to HM852797(Azeri34) and HM852803(Azeri42) Schoenberg)(Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)   
1x U4 T16356C, T16519C, A73G, T195C, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C, G499A, 524.1A, 524.2C
(Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x U5 T16093C, T16189C, C16270T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x U5a1 (Kurmanji from Dohuk)
1x U7 C16069T, A16227G, C16278T, A16318C, T16359C (very close to HM852853(Turk 187) Schoenberg) (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x U7 C16192T, A16309G, A16318T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x U7 T16243C, A16309G, A16318T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x U7 A16309G, A16318T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x U7a A16309G, A16318T, T16519C, A73G, C151T, T152C, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C, 523DEL, 524DEL (Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x U8b1a1 A16066G, G16129A, C16169T, A16183C, T16189C, C16234T, T16311C (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x U8b C16111T, T16172C, A16183C, T16189C, T16311C (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x U8b (Feyli)
1x W C16223T, C16292T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x W3 G16153A, C16223T, C16292T, C16294T, T16519C, A73G, T152C, A189G, C194T, T195C, T199C, T204C, G207A, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C (Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x W4a C16223T, C16292T, C16286T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x W6 with C16292T, C16192T, C16223T,  T16324C (=W6) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x X with T16189C, C16278T, C16186T (=X+C16186T) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)

Kurdish Y-DNA Part VIII

Today, I want to present all detected haplogroups in Kurds including all publications and all Kurds that got tested elsewhere. Interestingly, all tested Feyli Kurds have the haplogroup J1 (N=5).

Used publications:
Nebel et al., 2001
Wells et al., 2001
Stenersen et al., 2004
Nasidze et al., 2005
Gokcumen et al., 2011
Grugni et al., 2012
Malyarchuk et al., 2013


Haplogroup C
1x C-RPS4Y (Iranian Kurds in Malyarchuk et al., 2013)
1x C-RPS4Y (Zaza from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
1x C-RPS4Y (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)


Haplogroup E
7x E a.k.a. hg21 (Iraqi Kurds in Nebel et al., 2001)
3x E-YAP (Zaza from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
10x E-YAP (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005) 
3x E-SRY4064 (Iranian Kurds in Malyarchuk et al., 2013)
5x E1b (Kurdish village Dogukoy*/Central Anatolia in Gokcumen et al., 2011)
12x E1b1 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
1x E1b1b1a1b-M78 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x E1b1b1c1a-M34 (Alevi Kurmanji from Dersim/Turkey)
8x E1b1b1a1a-M34 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
3x E1b1b1c-V13 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)

Haplogroup F
2x F-M89 (Zaza from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
10x F-M89 (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
3x F-M89 (Kurmanji from Georgia in Nasidze et al., 2005)
6x F-M89 (Kurds from Turkmenistan in Nasidze et al., 2005; originally used in Wells et al., 2001)

Haplogroup G
2x G1-M285 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x G-M201 (Zaza from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
2x G-M201 (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
8x G-M201 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
2x G-M201 (Iranian Kurds in Malyarchuk et al., 2013)
2x G2* (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
3x G2a* (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x G2a (Alevi Kurmanji from Turkey)
1x G2a (Kurd from Turkey)

16x G+I a.k.a. hg2 (Iraqi Kurds in Nebel et al., 2001)

Haplogroup H
1x H-M52  (Kurds from Turkmenistan in Nasidze et al., 2005; originally used in Wells et al., 2001) 
1x H-M52  (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)

Haplogroup I
4x I-M170 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
9x I-M170 (Zaza from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
14x I-M170 (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
1x I-M170 (Iranian Kurds in Malyarchuk et al., 2013)
1x I2-M438 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x I2a2a-M223 (Kurdish village Dogukoy*/Central Anatolia in Gokcumen et al., 2011)
1x I2a2a* (old I2b1*; Z161+, L1228-, L1229-, L1230-, L1226-, L699-, L701-, L702-, L703-, L704-, M379-)(Sorani from Sulaymaniyah/Iraq)
1x I2a2b-L38 (Kurdish village Dogukoy*/Central Anatolia in Gokcumen et al., 2011)

Haplogroup J (J1+J2)
15x J-12f2 (Iranian Kurds in Malyarchuk et al., 2013)

Haplogroup J1
1x J1 a.k.a. hg9 (Eu10) (Iraqi Kurds in Nebel et al., 2001)
1x J1 (Kurdish village Dogukoy*/Central Anatolia in Gokcumen et al., 2011)
19x J1-M267 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
1x J1-M267 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
5x J1 (Feyli, originally from Iran)
1x J1 (Z2223+)  (Alevi with Zaza ancestry from Dersim; E11334 (Suleyman Efendi 19th century Askale Erzurum, Turkey))
1x J1 (probably L817+; Kurd from Turkey; N91920 (Kurdish Serzer, 1805 - 1846, Turkey))
1x J1b2-P58 (old J1c3; Sorani from Iran)
1x J1b2-P58 (old J1c3; Kurd from Iraq) 
2x J1b2-P58 (old J1c3; Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x J1b2b (L147.1+, L222.2-, L92-, L93-, M267+; N88767 (Sulaymania, Iraq (Kurdistan) of sharif descent)

Haplogroup J2
20x J2 (Kurdish village Dogukoy*/Central Anatolia in Gokcumen et al., 2011)
27x J2 a.k.a. hg9 (Eu9) (Iraqi Kurds in Nebel et al., 2001)
12x J2-M172 (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
8x J2-M172 (Kurmanji from Georgia in Nasidze et al., 2005)
3x J2-M172 (Kurds from Turkmenistan in Nasidze et al., 2005; originally used in Wells et al., 2001)     
29x J2-M172 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
1x J2 (Zaza from Dersim/Turkey)
1x J2 (Kurmanji from Dohuk)
1x J2 (Kurmanji from Turkey)
1x J2a*-M410 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
3x J2a3*-Page55 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x J2a3a-M47 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x J2a3a (J2a1a at 23andme; J2a4a at ISOGG 2009; he is M47+, M322+)(Yezidi from Iraq)
4x J2a3b*-M67 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x J2a3b1-M92 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
4x J2a3h-M530 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)

Haplogroup L
1x L a.k.a. hg28 (Iraqi Kurds in Nebel et al., 2001)
5x L-M20 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
2x L-M20 (Iranian Kurds in Malyarchuk et al., 2013)
1x L1-M76  (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)

Haplogroup P
1x P-M45 (Zaza from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
5x P-M45 (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
1x P-M45 (Kurmanji from Georgia in Nasidze et al., 2005)

Haplogroup Q
1x Q  (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)

Haplogroup R1
1x R1*-M173 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)

Haplogroup R1a
1x R1a (Kurdish village Dogukoy*/Central Anatolia in Gokcumen et al., 2011)
11x R1a a.k.a. hg3(Eu19) (Iraqi Kurds in Nebel et al., 2001)
7x R1a1a-M17 (Zaza from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
11x R1a1a-M17 (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
2x R1a1a-M17 (Kurds from Turkmenistan in Nasidze et al., 2005; originally used in Wells et al., 2001)
12x R1a1a-M17 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
11x R1a1a-M17 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor) 
1x R1a1a (Z93+, L342+, L657-, Z2122-)(Sorani from Sulaymaniyah/Iraq)
1x R1a1a (Z283+, Z282+, Z284-, M458-, Z280-, subclade 3  only his paternal great-grandfather is Kurdish from Turkey)
1x R1a1a (Alevi Zaza from Dersim/Turkey)
1x R1a1a (Alevi Kurmanji from Dersim/Turkey)
1x R1a1a (Kurd from Turkey)

Haplogroup R1b?
3x R1 -M173 (Zaza from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
4x R1 -M173 (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
5x R1 -M173 (Kurds from Turkmenistan in Nasidze et al., 2005; originally used in Wells et al., 2001)

Haplogroup R1b
2x R1b-M343 (Kurdish village Dogukoy*/Central Anatolia in Gokcumen et al., 2011)
1x R1b-M343 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
13x R1b-M343 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
1x R1b1a2* (Kurmanji from Zakho/Iraq)
1x R1b1b2a (Zaza from Turkey)
1x R1b1 (P25+)(Kurmanji from Maras/Elbistan/Turkey)

16x R1+R1b+R2 a.k.a. hg1 (Iraqi Kurds in Nebel et al., 2001)


Haplogroup R2
1x R2 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
7x R2a-M124 (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
11x R2a-M124 (Kurmanji from Georgia in Nasidze et al., 2005)
2x R2a-M124 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x R2a-M124 (Iranian Kurds in Malyarchuk et al., 2013)
1x R2a (Sorani from Sulaymaniyah/Iraq)

Haplogroup T
11x K-M9 (probably T) (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
2x K-M9 (probably T) (Kurmanji from Georgia in Nasidze et al., 2005)
4x T a.k.a. hg26 (Iraqi Kurds in Nebel et al., 2001)
3x T-M70 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
1x T (Sorani from Koysinjaq/Iraq)
5x T-M70 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)

More data can be found here:
Kurdish Y-DNA Part I
Kurdish Y-DNA Part II
Kurdish Y-DNA Part III
Kurdish Y-DNA Part IV
Kurdish Y-DNA Part V
Kurdish Y-DNA Part VI
Kurdish Y-DNA Part VII

Haplogroup T STR111 tree

Today, I want to present the STR111 tree of haplogroup T, and I used the same method as before.

The number of individuals that tested all 111 STR values is fairly small (N=66). Still, I think that some clades are clearly visible, even without using any SNP information.

The nomenclature at FTDNA is based on ISOGG 2011, however, not exactly, e.g. L453, L454 are not labeled as T1 only, not as T1a:

T   L206, L445, L452, L455, M184/Page34/USP9Y+3178, M193, M272, Page129
•     T*   -
•     T1   M70/Page46, Page78
•    •     T1*   -
•    •     T1a   L162/Page21, L299, L453, L454
•    •     •     T1a*   -
•    •     •     T1a1   L208/Page2
•    •     •    •     T1a1*   -
•    •     •    •     T1a1a   M320
•    •     •    •     T1a1b   P77
•    •     •    •     T1a1c   P330
•    •     •    •     T1a1d   P321
•    •     •    •     •     T1a1d*   -
•    •     •    •     •     T1a1d1   P317
•    •     T1b   L131
•    •     •     T1b*   -
•    •     •     T1b1   P322, P328
•    •     •    •     T1b1*   -
•    •     •    •     T1b1a   P327

Rectangular STR111 tree of haplogroup T (pdf version):

Polar STR111 tree of haplogroup T (pdf version):
 

Roots of Haplogroup R1b: STR111 tree

Today, I want to present the STR111 tree of haplogroup R1b, and I used the same method as before.
Due to the large number of individuals having haplogroup R1b I decided to focus only on the roots of this haplogroup. This is the biggest tree I created so far with a total of 1141 individuals.

Most of these individuals are from the UK and Ireland.

Rectangular tree of haplogroup R1b root (pdf version)
Polar tree of haplogroup R1b root (pdf version)

Next, I decided to exclude all samples with US or unknown ancestry, I ended up with 738 individuals, still a huge tree. Because of the size I still cannot use FITCH for a "fine-scale" tree but "only" NJ tree at SplitsTree.
 
Rectangular tree of haplogroup R1b root excluding samples with US or unknown ancestry (pdf version)
Polar tree of haplogroup R1b root excluding samples with US or unknown ancestry (pdf version)


Finally,  I decided to exclude all samples with US, UK, Irish or unknown ancestry, the vast majority of samples. I ended up with 103 individuals. Here, FITCH was used and showed a much better tree.

Rectangular tree of haplogroup R1b root excluding samples with US, UK, Irish or unknown ancestry (pdf version):

Polar tree of haplogroup R1b root excluding samples with US, UK, Irish or unknown ancestry (pdf version):

Biogeographical Ancestry using Dodecad Globe13 data

Today, I want to use Globe13 data of the Dodecad project to determine the biogeographical ancestry of all Dodecad participants. Due to the large amounts of individuals (N=1043) I will just present the coordinates (latitude and longitude) of each individual.

Spreadsheet is available here.

For Middle Easterners, I created a map in googlemaps, see below:



View Biogeographical Ancestry Globe13 data in a larger map

Additionally, I created Neighbor-joining trees of all reference populations. The distance matrix for these trees is based on adjusted/weighted distances, not on pure Euclidean distances; the distances are adjusted based on the Fst values (Dodecad provided Fst values) of the 13 components.

Rectangular tree of reference populations of Dodecad Globe13 (pdf version):

Polar tree of reference populations of Dodecad Globe13 (pdf version):

I also created trees of all individuals and all reference populations.

Rectangular tree of all individuals of Dodecad Globe13 (pdf version):

Polar tree of all individuals of Dodecad Globe13 (pdf version):