KurdishDNA: July 2013

Friday, July 19, 2013

Kurdish mtDNA data X

Just an update (N=178):
I added the data of Farjadian et al., 2011 (55 Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran).
I added the data of Derenko et al., 2007 (25 Kurds from Iran).

1x B4b1a (Kurd from Turkey)
1x C (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x C4b (=C4b+A248G, A14566G, T16519C, A249A (not deleted)) (Alevi Kurmanji)
2x D (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x D4 T16090C/T, T16223C, T16362C, A73G, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
2x D4 T16223C, T16362C, A73G, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007
1x G2a (=G2a+T16172C) (Sorani)
8x H (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x H CRS (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
6x H (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
2x H with T16311C (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x H T16209C, 44.1C, T57C, A93G, A263G, 309.1C, 309.2C, 315.1C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
1x H G16129A, C16248T, T195C, A263G, 315.1C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
1x H CRS, A263G, 315.1C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)

1x H with C16218T (=H1ag1a or H1aq1 or H20) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x H with C16192R, C16261T (similar to: JN415470(Italy-LHON) Achilli Haplogroup H 19-AUG-2012 (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x H5'36 (Kurd from Turkey)
1x H5 16051G, 16255A, 16304C, 16319A, 16327T, 263G, 315.1C, 456T (Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x H5a1 (H5a1+T16304G, A3397G, G5471A) (G5471A usually in H5b) (Sorani)
1x H13a2b2 (Alevi Kurmanji from Dersim)
1x H14a with T16311C, C16256T, T16352C (=H14a +T16311C ) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x H14b T3197C (=H14b+C4086T, A16265T) (Yezidi)
1x H15a1 (=H15a1+309.1C, 309.2C, 315.1C, A15316G) (Sorani; mtDNA fully sequenced here and here)
1x H15b (Sorani)
1x H15b T16086C (close to EU600353(Druze) Shlush)(Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
5x HV (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x HV* CRS (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x HV* C16174T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x HV C16174T, C41T, A214G, A263G, 309.1C, 309.2C, 315.1C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
1x HV A73G, T391C, G16153A (Kurmanji from Zakho)
1x HV (Kurmanji from Diyarbakir (Amed)/Turkey)
1x HV1 (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x HV1a1 C16067T, C16355T, C150T, A263G, 315.1C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
1x HV1a1 C16067T, C16355T (=HV1a1) (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x HV2 C16168T, T16189C, T16217C, C16287T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x HV14 T16311C, G4655A, T15115C (Sorani)
1x I (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x I with G16129A, C16223T (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x I1a G16129A, C16168T, T16172C, 16173, C16223T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x I1a1d with G16129A, C16223T, T16172C, T16189C, C16083T, C16355T (=I1a1d+C16083T, C16355T) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x I5a pre-I5a3 because G5231A, A15052G = I5a3 but still C150C, T6278T = I5a; additional C16301T (Zaza from Dersim)
1x I5a (Zaza from Baltas/Varto, Turkey)
1x J* (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
2x J1b (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x J1b C16069T, T16126C, G16145A, C16222T, A16235G, C16261T, T16311C (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x J1b1b1 T10410A, C16069T, T16126C, G16145A, C16261T, C16290T, A73G, A263G, C271T, C295T, 309.1C, 315.1C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
2x J1b1b1 T10410A, C16069T, T16126C, G16145A, C16261T, A73G, A263G, C295T, 309.1C, 315.1C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
2x J1b1b1 C16069T, T16126C, G16145A, C16261T, T16519C, A73G, A263G, C295T, 309.1C    315.1C, C462T, T489C, 523DEL, 524DEL   (very close to JF939049(Armenian)) (Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
3x J1b2 (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x J1b3 T1822C, A8460G, T16311C (=J1b3+T1822C+T16311C) (Sorani)
1x J1b3b A73G, A263G, C295T, T489C, A750G, A1438G, A2706G, G3010A, T4216C, A4769G, C7028T, G8269A, A8460G, A8860G, A10398G, A11251G, G11719A, A12612G, G13708A, C14766T, A15326G, C15452A, T15530C, C16069T, T16126C, G16145A, C16222T, A16235G, C16261T (1/2 Alevi Kurmanji paternally, 1/2 Sunni Kurmanji maternally from Bingol, Kighi, Turkey)
1x J1b4 C16069T, T16126C, G16145A, C16222T, C16261T, C16278T, C16287T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x J1c (=J1c+G185T, 4812A, C16290T, T16519C) (Alevi Kurmanji from Dersim)
1x J1c2m (old J1c2a) C16069T, T16126C, 16148T, A73G, 185A, 228A, A263G, C295T, 315.1C, C462T, T489C, 523DEL, 524DEL (close to JQ797801 from Romania and JQ797802 from West-Siberia (Khanty))(Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x J1d (=J1d+A15218G, T16519C) (Feyli, originally from Iran)
1x J1d (Kurd from Iraq)
1x J1d3b (=J1d3b+10742G, T11353C, 12425G, T16519C (Kurmanji from Adıyaman and Gaziantep; now living in Konya area)
1x J2a1a1 C16069T, T16126C, G16145A, A16182C, A16183C, T16189C, 16193.1C, T16231C, C16261T, A73G, C150T, C152T, T195C, C198T, A215G, C295T, 315.1C, T319C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007
1x J2a1a1 (=J2a1a1+A10044G, G11914A, C16264T) (Kurd from Turkey)
3x J2b (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x J2b1 (Kurd from Iraq/Iran)
1x J2d C16069T, T16126C, C16193T, A73G, C152T, A263G, C295T, 315.1C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
1x JT with T16126C, C16067T, T16311C (=JT) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x K (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x K1a9 (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x K1a T16093C, T16224C, T16311C (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x K 16129, T16224C, T16311C (= K1a11 or K2b2) (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x K with T16224C, T16311C (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
2x K with T16224C, T16311C, T16093C, C16260T (=K1a1+C16260T, or K1a17a+T16093C)(Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x K with T16224C, T16311C, A16240G (=K+A16240G) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x K with T16224C, T16311C, A16272G (=K+A16272G) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x L3e5 16037G, A16041G, C16223T, A73G, C150T, A263G, 315.1C, T398C, 523DEL, 524DEL
(Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x M/C (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x M1a1 G16129A, 16182C, 16183C, T16189C, C16223T, T16249C, T16311C, T16359C, C16360T, T16519C, A73G, T195C, A263G, 309.1C, 309.2C, 315.1C, T489C (Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
5x N (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x N1b (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x N1b1 (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x N1b1 (=N1b1+C16176C, C1703A, C3921A, G7337A, T16519C) (Alevi Kurmanji from Dersim)
1x N1b1 with C16223T, G16145A, C16176G (=N1b1) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x N2a with C16223T, T16086C, G16153A, G16319A (=N2a+T16086C) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x R (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
2x R0 (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x R0 16519C, 16524C, A263G, 315.1C (Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x R0 16368C, 16519C, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C (Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x R2 with C16071T, G16145A, C16234 (=R2 +G16145A+C16234) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x T* T16126C, T16189C, 16193.1C, T16249C, C16294T, T16304C, A73G, T146C, T195C, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
1x T1a1'3 T16126C, A16163G, C16186T, T16189C, C16294T, A73G, T152C, T195C, A263G, 315.1C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
4x T1 (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x T1 (=T1a2b+C12633T, G5460A, G11914A, T16311C, (T16519C))(Feyli)
1x T1a7 T16126C, A16163G, C16186T, T16189C, G16274A, C16294T, T16519C, A73G, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C, A512G (close to EU935435(Egypt) Kujanova and JQ798027 (Israel))(Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x T1b T16126C, A16163G, T16189C, T16243C, C16294T, A73G, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
1x T1b T16126C, A16163G, T16189C, T16243C, A16247G, C16294T, T16519C, A73G, 152C, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C, 524.1A, 524.2C (Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
3x T2 (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x T2a1b2b with T16126C, C16294T, C16296T, C16256T, A16317G (=T2a1b2b +A16317G) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x T2b (Kurd from Turkey)
1x U1a'c A16182C, A16183C, T16189C, T16249C, A73G, T146C, A263G, C285T, 309.1C (similar to HM852844(Iranian 9) Schoenberg) (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
1x U1a'c with A16182C, A16183C, T16189C, T16249C (=U1a'c) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x U1a (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x U1a1 A14070A, T16163C (Zaza)
1x U1a1 G16129A, A16183C, T16189C, 16193.1C, T16224C, T16249C, T16288C, C16295T, A73G, C150T, T195C, A263G, C285T, 309.1C, 309.2C, 315.1C, A385G (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
1x U1a1 A16183-, 16193.1C, C16193T.2C, T16249C, T72C, A73G, T195C, A263G, C285T, 309.1C, 315.1C, A385G (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
1x U1a1a (Sorani) with A11467G, A12308G, G12372A, C285T, T12879C, A13104G, A14070G, G15148A, A15954C, T16249C, C2218T, G14364A, T16189C, G4991A, G6026A, T7581C, A385G, 3158.1T, G3591A, A13422G, G9575A, C2836T, G4659A, 573.1C, 573.2C, A10283G, (309.1C), (315.1C), (523-), (524-), (16182C), (16183C), (16519C) (=U1a1a; shares C2836T, G4659A mutation with Indian samples HM156682(India) Govindaraj) (fully sequenced here and here)
1x U1b C16111T, 16214A, T16249C, G16319A, C16327T, T16519C, A73G, T146C, T152C, A263G, C285T, 315.1C, 572T (Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x U2 (Alevi with Zaza ancestry)
1x U2e1a with A16051G, T152C, A508G, A3720G, A5390G, T5426C, C6045T, T6152C, A10876, T13020C, T13734C, A15907G, G16129C, T16362C, C340T, C11197T, T11732C, G7337A, A15218G, T16311C, T16519C (Sorani from Sulaymaniyah/Iraq)
1x U3 with A16343G (=U3) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x U3a (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x U3a with C150T, A14139G, T15454C, A2294G, T4703C, G9266A, T6518A (flip!), A10506G, C13934T, G16390A, C2766A, 10790C, G16129A, 16257T, T16519C (Sorani from Sulaymaniyah/Iraq); (similar to HM852895(Georgian45) Schoenberg also with C2766A)
1x U3c with A16343G, C16193T, T16249C (=U3c) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x U3c C16193T, T16249C, A16343G, G16526A, A73G, C150T, A263G, 315.1C (close to HM852797(Azeri34) and HM852803(Azeri42) Schoenberg)(Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x U4 T16356C, T16519C, A73G, T195C, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C, G499A, 524.1A, 524.2C
(Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x U5 T16093C, T16189C, C16270T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x U5a1 (Kurmanji from Dohuk)
1x U5a1a (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
4x U7 (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x U7 (Zaza from Turkey)
1x U7 C16069T, A16227G, C16278T, A16318C, T16359C (very close to HM852853(Turk 187) Schoenberg) (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x U7 C16192T, A16309G, A16318T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x U7 T16243C, A16309G, A16318T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x U7 A16309G, A16318T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x U7 A16309G, A16318T (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x U7a A16309G, A16318T, T16519C, A73G, C151T, T152C, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C, 523DEL, 524DEL (Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x U7a4 T16126C, C16148T, A16309G, A16318T, A73G, T146C, C150T, C152T, T195C, A263G, 315.1C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
1x U7a4 T16126C, C16148T, A16318C, A73G, T146C, C151T, C152T, T195C, A263G, 315.1C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
1x U7a4 T16126C, C16148T, A16318T, A73G, T146C, C151T, C152T, T195C, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
1x U7a'5 G16129A, A16318T, A73G, C151T, C152T, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
1x U8b1a1 A16066G, G16129A, A16183C, T16189C, C16234T, A73G, G94A, T195C, A263G, 309.1C, 309.2C, 315.1C (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)
1x U8b1a1 A16066G, G16129A, C16169T, A16183C, T16189C, C16234T, T16311C (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x U8b C16111T, T16172C, A16183C, T16189C, T16311C (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x U8b (Feyli)
1x U8b (Zaza from Sivas, originally from Dersim)
1x W (Kurds from Saqqez, Kurdistan-Iran; Farjadian et al., 2011)
1x W C16223T, C16292T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x W3 G16153A, C16223T, C16292T, C16294T, T16519C, A73G, T152C, A189G, C194T, T195C, T199C, T204C, G207A, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C (Kurds from Iraq; Al-Zahery et al., 2012)
1x W4a C16223T, C16292T, C16286T (Kurds from Iran; Quintana-Murci et al., 2004)
1x W6 with C16292T, C16192T, C16223T, T16324C (=W6) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x X with T16189C, C16278T, C16186T (=X+C16186T) (Kurds from Georgia; Comas et al., 2000)
1x X2e T16124C, A16182C, A16183C, T16189C, 16193.1C, T16223C, C16278T, T16325C, A73G, A153G, T195C, A263G, 308.1A, 309.1C, 315.1C, C338T (Kurds from Iran; Derenko et al., 2007)

Related post:
mtDNA of Kurds Part I
mtDNA of Kurds Part II
mtDNA of Kurds Part III
mtDNA of Kurds Part IV
mtDNA of Kurds V
Kurdish mtDNA data VI
Kurdish mtDNA data VII
Kurdish mtDNA data VIII
Kurdish mtDNA data IX

Thursday, July 18, 2013

mtDNA Haplogroup of Kurds, Persians, and Tajiks

Today, I want to present the mtDNA data published in the paper "Phylogeographic analysis of mitochondrial DNA in northern Asian populations" by Derenko et al., in 2007, which includes of 25 Kurds from Kurdistan-Iran, 82 Persians, and 44 Tajiks. In a more recent paper (Malyarchuk et al., 2013) the Y-chromosomes of these 25 Kurdish individuals were described.

From the paper:

mtDNA Haplogroup	Kurds (n=25)	Persians (n=82)	Tajiks (n=44)
A2
A4		2.4%	2.3%
A5
A8
B4		4.9%
B5		1.2%
C*			9.1%
C1
C4		1.2%	2.3%
C5
D2
D3
D4	12.0%	1.2%	4.5%
D5		1.2%	2.3%
F1
F2a
G*
G1
G2a		1.2%	2.3%
G3			2.3%
M*		7.3%	2.3%
M3a		2.4%
M7
M8a2
M9a
M10			2.3%
M11
M13a
Y			2.3%
Z			2.3%
N9a
R*
R9
R11
L2a		1.2%
H	12.0%	26.0%	25.0%
HV	8.0%	3.7%
HV0a			2.3%
V
R0a		2.4%
R2		1.2%
J1	12.0%	3.7%	2.3%
J2	8.0%	1.2%	2.3%
T*	4.0%	4.9%
T1	8.0%	8.5%	2.3%
N1		1.2%	2.3%
I		3.7%	2.3%
W		2.4%	4.5%
N2		1.2%
U1	12.0%	1.2%
U2		1.2%	2.3%
U3		2.4%	2.3%
U4			6.8%
U5		4.9%
U7a	16.0%	1.2%	4.5%
U8	4.0%	1.2%
K		3.7%	6.8%
X2e	4.0%

Most of the haplogroups were determined by RLFP screening using various restriction enzymes. Additionally, the HVRI and HVRII were sequenced.
I also took a closer look at the raw data of the 25 Kurds and tried to give a more precise annotation of the haplogroups.

1xD4 T16090C/T, T16223C, T16362C, A73G, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C
2xD4 T16223C, T16362C, A73G, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C
1xH T16209C, 44.1C, T57C, A93G, A263G, 309.1C, 309.2C, 315.1C
1xH G16129A, C16248T, T195C, A263G, 315.1C
1xH CRS, A263G, 315.1C
1xHV C16174T, C41T, A214G, A263G, 309.1C, 309.2C, 315.1C
1xHV1a1 C16067T, C16355T, C150T, A263G, 315.1C
1xJ1b1b1 T10410A, C16069T, T16126C, G16145A, C16261T, C16290T, A73G, A263G, C271T, C295T, 309.1C, 315.1C
2xJ1b1b1 T10410A, C16069T, T16126C, G16145A, C16261T, A73G, A263G, C295T, 309.1C, 315.1C
1xJ2a1a1 C16069T, T16126C, G16145A, A16182C, A16183C, T16189C, 16193.1C, T16231C, C16261T, A73G, C150T, C152T, T195C, C198T, A215G, C295T, 315.1C, T319C
1xJ2d C16069T, T16126C, C16193T, A73G, C152T, A263G, C295T, 315.1C
1xT* T16126C, T16189C, 16193.1C, T16249C, C16294T, T16304C, A73G, T146C, T195C, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C
1xT1a1'3 T16126C, A16163G, C16186T, T16189C, C16294T, A73G, T152C, T195C, A263G, 315.1C
1xT1b T16126C, A16163G, T16189C, T16243C, C16294T, A73G, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C
1xU1a1 G16129A, A16183C, T16189C, 16193.1C, T16224C, T16249C, T16288C, C16295T, A73G, C150T, T195C, A263G, C285T, 309.1C, 309.2C, 315.1C, A385G
1xU1a1 A16183-, 16193.1C, C16193T.2C, T16249C, T72C, A73G, T195C, A263G, C285T, 309.1C, 315.1C, A385G
1xU1a'c A16182C, A16183C, T16189C, T16249C, A73G, T146C, A263G, C285T, 309.1C (similar to HM852844(Iranian 9) Schoenberg)
1xU7a4 T16126C, C16148T, A16309G, A16318T, A73G, T146C, C150T, C152T, T195C, A263G, 315.1C
1xU7a4 T16126C, C16148T, A16318C, A73G, T146C, C151T, C152T, T195C, A263G, 315.1C
1xU7a4 T16126C, C16148T, A16318T, A73G, T146C, C151T, C152T, T195C, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C
1xU7a'5 G16129A, A16318T, A73G, C151T, C152T, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C
1xU8b1a1 A16066G, G16129A, A16183C, T16189C, C16234T, A73G, G94A, T195C, A263G, 309.1C, 309.2C, 315.1C
1xX2e T16124C, A16182C, A16183C, T16189C, 16193.1C, T16223C, C16278T, T16325C, A73G, A153G, T195C, A263G, 308.1A, 309.1C, 315.1C, C338T

Since the paper was about Northern Asia I also looked at specific Kurdish mtDNA variants that are shared with others. These shared variants -if very specific, e.g. with rare mutations- can indicate migration.
D4 T16223C, T16362C, A73G, A263G, 309.1C, 315.1C could be also found in 1 Korean (1/103), 4 Buryats (4/295).
H CRS, A263G, 315.1C could be also found in 1 Kalmyk (1/110), 1 Buryat (1/295), and 3 Telenghits (3/71).
J1b1b1 T10410A, C16069T, T16126C, G16145A, C16261T, C16290T, A73G, A263G, C271T, C295T, 309.1C, 315.1C could be also found in 2 Telenghits (2/71).
J1b1b1 T10410A, C16069T, T16126C, G16145A, C16261T, A73G, A263G, C295T, 309.1C, 315.1C could be also found in 1 Persian (1/82).
1xT1a1'3 T16126C, A16163G, C16186T, T16189C, C16294T, A73G, T152C, T195C, A263G, 315.1C could be also found in 1 Chukchi (1/15).

Since haplogroup J is known to be from the Middle East it is interesting to note the presence of the specific J1b1b1 haplogroup in 2 Telenghits that is also present in one Kurd. Additionally, 3 Telenghits carry a T1 variant (haplogroup T also originated in the Middle East) that is present in one Persian, and one Chukni has the T1a1'3 haplogroup that is also present in one Kurd. All of this indicates an ancient migration from Kurdistan-Iran or nearby to Siberia.

Edit:
Regarding the J1b1b1 haplpogroup in Siberia I also looked into fully sequenced people:
EF397558(Buryat) Derenko J1b1b1 A73G A263G C271T C295T 315.1C C462T T489C C522- A523- A750G A1438G A2706G G3010A T4216C A4769G G5460A C7028T T7270C G8269A A8860G T10245C A10398G T10410A A11251G G11719A A12612G G13708A T13879C C14766T A15326G C15452A C16069T T16126C G16145A C16261T T16311C T16519C
EF397562(Altaian-Kizhi) Derenko J1b1b1 A73G A263G C271T C295T 309.1C 315.1C C462T T489C C522- A523- A750G A1438G A2706G A2707C G3010A T4216C A4769G G5460A A5592G C7028T G8269A A8860G A10398G T10410A A11251G G11719A A11893G A12612G G13708A T13879C C14766T A15326G C15452A C16069T T16126C G16145A C16261T C16290T T16519C
EF556155 Behar2008 J1b1b1 A73G C150T A263G C271T C295T 309.1C 315.1C C462T T489C C522- A523- A750G A1438G A2706G A2707C G3010A T4216C T4561C A4769G G5460A C7028T G8269A A8860G A10398G T10410A A10682G A11251G G11719A A12612G G13708A T13879C C14766T A15326G C15452A C16069T G16145A C16261T C16290T T16519C
FJ624455 FTDNA J1b1b1 9 A73G A263G C271T C295T 315.1C C462T T489C C522- A523- A750G A1438G A2706G G3010A T4216C A4769G G5460A C7028T T7270C G8269A A8860G T10245C A10398G T10410A A11251G G11719A A12612G G13708A T13879C C14766T A15326G C15452A C16069T T16126C G16145A C16261T T16311C T16519C
JF929909(Armenian) FTDNA J1b1b1 A73G T146C A263G C271T C295T 309.1C 315.1C C462T T489C C522- A523- A547G A750G A1438G A2706G G3010A T4216C A4769G G5460A C7028T G8269A A8860G G9055A A10398G T10410A A11251G G11719A A12612G G13708A T13879C C14766T A15326G C15452A C16069T T16126C G16145A C16261T T16519C
JF939049(Armenian) FTDNA J1b1b1 A73G A263G C295T 309.1C 315.1C C462T T489C C522- A523- A750G A1438G A2706G G3010A T4216C A4769G G5460A A5582G C7028T G8269A A8860G T9530C A10398G T10410A A11251G G11719A C12389T A12612G G13708A T13879C C14766T A15326G C15452A C16069T T16126C G16145A C16261T T16519C

EF397558(Buryat) Derenko is identical to FJ624455 FTDNA. FJ624455 is FTDNA 65964 Merante. This individual is in the Sephardic Heritage DNA Project. Considering that the mtDNAs from Buryat and Sephardi Jews are identical the migration must be fairly recent, so these Mideast signals in Siberia could be explained with recent Jewish migration from the Middle East to Siberia.

Sunday, July 14, 2013

Castle of Kurds got bombed by Syria

From Wikipedia:

Krak des Chevaliers (French pronunciation: [kʁak de ʃəvaˈlje]) (Arabic: قلعة الحصن‎), also Crac des Chevaliers, is a Crusader castle in Syria and one of the most important preserved medieval castles in the world. The site was first inhabited in the 11th century by a settlement of Kurds; as a result it was known as Hisn al Akrad, meaning the "Castle of the Kurds"...Since 2006, the castles of Krak des Chevaliers and Qal'at Salah El-Din have been recognised by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.

Apparently, the castle is in under attack, this video was uploaded on Friday, July 12nd, 2013.

Wednesday, July 10, 2013

Light eyes from Asia

Since I was looking into HERC2 haplotypes from all over the world I thought it would be interesting to see the phenotype repertoire of eye colors from Asia.

I found a great collection of photos on a French blog called http://pastmist.wordpress.com/.

Saturday, July 6, 2013

The weirdest languages on Earth

After my last blog post I had some discussions about common language structures and language phenomena in different languages. Thanks to a comment from CC Bilgin (and other interesting comments) I now know that the repetition of words is called "reduplication" and is not a solely Kurdish language phenomenon but can be observed in many unrelated languages. So, I thought it would be good to have a world map of these language phenomena.

Apparently, I am not the first person with that idea: Instead of creating I am referring to "The World Atlas of Language Structures" (WALS).
WALS Online is a joint effort of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology and the Max Planck Digital Library website and it has a lot of great maps comparing various grammar features of languages all over the world.

So the first world map I looked up was, of course, "Reduplication"

(Rubino, Carl. 2011. Reduplication.
In: Dryer, Matthew S. & Haspelmath, Martin (eds.)
The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Munich: Max Planck Digital Library, feature 27A.
Available online at http://wals.info/feature/27A
Accessed on 2013-07-06.)

Unfortunately, Kurdish is not included in the map for reduplication but just based on the overall distribution of it, one can say that reduplication is a very common language feature (except in Europe), not having reduplication in a language is actually "weird".

The next feature I looked up was "Order of Object and Verb" in a sentence.

(Dryer, Matthew S.. 2011. Order of Object and Verb.
In: Dryer, Matthew S. & Haspelmath, Martin (eds.)
The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Munich: Max Planck Digital Library, feature 83A.
Available online at http://wals.info/feature/83A
Accessed on 2013-07-06.)

In Kurdish the Verb is at the end of the sentence, so the object comes first. This sentence order is called Object-Verb or simply "OV" (highlighted in blue in the world map).
Most languages have the "OV" or the "VO" sentence order, but very few use both orders depending on the situation and sentence. Languages like Armenian or German don't have a dominant order, which is pretty weird.

Next, I looked up "Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns".

(Siewierska, Anna. 2011. Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns.
In: Dryer, Matthew S. & Haspelmath, Martin (eds.)
The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Munich: Max Planck Digital Library, feature 44A.
Available online at http://wals.info/feature/44A
Accessed on 2013-07-06.)

In Kurdish there is no gender specific "he" or "she" just "ew/v" ( "o" in Zazaki), so pretty easy grammar rule. Turkish, Basque, and Hungarian is like that as well.
Contrary, Arabic has not only a gender specific "he" (huwa (هو)) and "she" (hiya (هي)) but also for the 2nd Person Singular "you" masculine anta (أنت) and feminine anti (أنت). Moreover, Arabic has a gender specific 2nd Person Plural "you": masculine antum (أنتم) and feminine antunna (أنتنّ) and a gender specific 3rd Person Plural "they": masculine hum (هم) and feminine hunna (هنّ), not so easy grammar rules. Arabic also has 2nd Person Dual "you two" antumā (أنتما) and 3rd Person Dual humā (هما). Based on the map, it seems like that Spanish picked up some of these weird gender rules from Arabic (from the Moors?).

These are just a few language features I covered here. The list of maps on WALS Online is long, everyone who is interested in languages should definitely take a look at other maps as well.

The website Idibon ("Language Technologies for a Connected World") went through the provided data of the WALS Online website and determined the "Weirdness-Index" of each language.

Here is a quote from the Idibon website how they defined weirdness:

This is odd. Is this odd? One of the features that distinguishes languages is how they ask yes/no questions.The vast majority of languages have a special question particle that they tack on somewhere (like the ka at the end of a Japanese question). Of 954 languages coded for this in WALS, 584 of them have question particles. The word order switching that we do in English only happens in 1.4% of the languages. That’s 13 languages total and most of them come from Europe: German, Czech, Dutch, Swedish, Norwegian, Frisian, English, Danish, and Spanish.

A total of 21 "weirdness" features were compared, only languages that had data for at least 14 features were included in the final ranking, however, they calculated the "Weirdness-Index" for the other languages as well. The Kurdish "Weirdness-Index" is 0.781 but Kurdish was excluded from the ranking (only 12 features compared), otherwise Kurdish would have been at position #26, so Kurdish is pretty weird.

One of the weirdest language families seems to be the Germanic language family.

Some of the more known languages, their ranking and Weirdness-Index:
#9 Armenian (0.861),
#10 German (0.858),
#11 Abkhaz (0.844),
#12 Dutch ( 0.844),
#16 Norwegian (0.828),
#21 Czech (0.791),
#23 Spanish (0.790),
#25 Mandarin (0.789),
#33 English (0.756),
#40 Japanese (0.736),
#57 Greek (0.669),
#75 Persian (0.649),
#77 Hebrew (0.639),
#111 Polish (0.564),
#159 Finnish (0.466),
#181 Russian (0.401),
#217 Lithuanian (0.257)
#226 Turkish (0.214),
#230 Basque (0.189),
#235 Hungarian (0.132)
#239 Hindi (0.087).

More details can be found in the provided Excel file.

Thursday, July 4, 2013

Repetition of words in the Kurdish language

Today, I want to present a phenomenon of the Kurdish language that I don't know of any other language.

In order to intensify the meaning of a word English uses the word "very", "a lot of" or simply uses a new word for it. Similar, in Kurdish a word can be intensified with the word "zor" (=very), however, in some cases the word itself can be repeated twice to intensify its meaning.

Here are some examples of this repetition

Kurdish	English	Kurdish Repetition	English
rang	color	rang-aw-rang	colorful
dûr	far	dûr dûr	very far
zor	very, a lot, much	zor zor	even more, exceedingly
wurd	tiny, little	wurd-a-wurd-a	slowly
koka	cough	kok-a-kok	a lot of coughing
bola	loud complaining	bol-a-bol	a lot of loud complaining
ming	???	ming-a-ming	grumble
qîzh	scream	qîzh-a-qîzh	a lot of screaming
shirr	squeak, squeal, scream	shirr-a-shirr	a lot of squeaking
taqa	banging, thud	taq-a-taq	a lot of banging, noise
tapa	stomp (once)	tap-a-tap	a lot of stomping
dang	sound, voice	dang-a-dang	noise
girm	boom, plop	girm-a-girm	thunder

So, if this word repetition looks familiar to your mother tongue then please let me know and comment.

Tuesday, July 2, 2013

The color of the eyes: at least 17 HERC2 variants in Human gene pool

Today, after analyzing the Kurdish gene pool for HERC2 and the Eurasian gene pool for HERC2 I want to add the third post in the HERC2 trilogy. I analyzed additional data from other parts of the world and discovered 10 more existing Human haplotypes and one extinct haplotype in Neanderthals.

All the HERC2 haplotypes of humans, Neanderthals, Denisova and many mammals can be found in the spreadsheet I generated.

Interestingly, the ancestral HERC2 haplotype is ht13, which is present in the Denisova genome and most likely in the Neanderthal gene pool. Ht13 survived at low frequencies in Kumyk from the Caucasus (4%), Chenchus from India (25%), Mongolia (5-6%), Bantu (3%), Mbuti Pygmies (15%), Sandawe (11%), Puerto Rican (2%) and Dominican (2%).

Below is a rectangular tree of these haplotypes (ht1 and h2 give light eye colors):

The highest variability of HERC2 can be found in Subsaharan Africa and in mixed population of the New World (African American, Dominican, Colombian, Puerto Rican).

	N total	N with ht3-18 data	#1	#2	#3	#4	#5	#6	#7	#8	#9	#10	#11	#12	#13	#14	#15	#16	#17	#18	ND
Europe	1171	305	31%	21%	15%	3%	11%	9%	1%	0%	0%	1%	0%	0%	0%	1%	0%	0%	0%	0%	1%
West Asia	628	527	20%	4%	20%	8%	13%	20%	7%	0%	0%	1%	0%	0%	0%	1%	0%	0%	0%	0%	5%
South Asia	405	298	7%	3%	25%	6%	20%	21%	11%	0%	0%	4%	0%	1%	0%	1%	0%	0%	0%	0%	2%
Southeast Asia	172	151	1%	0%	29%	10%	21%	28%	11%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Northeast Asia	197	197	2%	2%	29%	1%	37%	26%	2%	0%	0%	1%	0%	0%	1%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	1%
Central Asia	66	66	5%	6%	18%	7%	32%	23%	2%	0%	0%	2%	0%	0%	0%	1%	1%	0%	0%	0%	5%
Northern Africa	211	77	5%	0%	24%	17%	6%	19%	10%	6%	0%	1%	1%	0%	0%	1%	0%	0%	0%	0%	1%
Subsaharan Africa	141	141	0%	1%	5%	8%	4%	13%	11%	19%	5%	7%	7%	1%	4%	0%	0%	1%	1%	0%	12%
America	285	186	6%	3%	23%	6%	22%	6%	3%	7%	1%	4%	1%	0%	1%	2%	1%	0%	0%	0%	11%
Denisova	1	1	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	100%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Neanderthal*	1	1	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	50%	0%	0%	0%	0%	50%	0%

	N	#1	#2	#3	#4	#5	#6	#7	#8	#9	#10	#11	#12	#13	#14	#15	#16	#17	#18	ND
Lithuanians	10	35%	60%	0%	0%	0%	5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Belorussians	7	36%	64%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Erzya	9	39%	56%	0%	0%	6%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Kargopol_Russian	25	36%	46%	8%	2%	4%	4%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Russians	5	60%	20%	0%	0%	10%	10%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Ukrainian	20	43%	38%	8%	0%	8%	5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Moksha	5	30%	50%	10%	0%	0%	10%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Hungarians	18	17%	50%	14%	0%	14%	6%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Chuvash	16	28%	31%	19%	0%	13%	6%	3%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Dolgans	6	0%	0%	25%	0%	50%	25%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Bulgarian	13	31%	12%	12%	0%	0%	4%	0%	0%	0%	19%	0%	0%	0%	8%	0%	0%	0%	0%	15%
Romanians	14	29%	25%	21%	4%	14%	7%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Orcadian	11	27%	41%	5%	5%	18%	5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Orcadian	19	42%	21%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	37%
Argyll_Scottish	3	17%	17%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	67%
Cornish	30	33%	17%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	50%
Kent	36	26%	7%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	67%
Utah_USA	89	31%	20%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	49%
Finnish	96	37%	21%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	42%
Swedes	36	42%	54%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	4%
Danes	19	52%	32%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	16%
Germans	91	46%	33%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	21%
Austrian	49	55%	28%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	17%
Swiss	16	69%	25%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	6%
French	27	31%	30%	19%	4%	6%	11%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
North_Italian	13	42%	27%	8%	4%	8%	8%	4%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Tuscan	80	8%	3%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	89%
Tuscan	8	25%	19%	6%	0%	19%	31%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
French_Basque	24	19%	21%	17%	6%	23%	8%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Spanish_Pais_Vasco	8	19%	6%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	75%
Spanish_Andalucia	4	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Spanish_Aragon	5	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Spanish_Baleares	8	6%	6%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	88%
Spanish_Canarias	2	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Spanish_Cantabria	6	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Spanish_Castilla_La_Mancha	4	13%	13%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	75%
Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon	12	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Spanish_Cataluna	5	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Spanish_Extremadura	8	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Spanish_Galicia	8	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Galician	215	30%	17%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	53%
Spanish_Murcia	6	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Spanish_Valencia	10	10%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	90%
Spanish	11	36%	5%	32%	9%	9%	5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Spanish	1	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Sardinian	24	19%	4%	40%	6%	10%	19%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	2%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Ashkenazy_Jews	21	38%	14%	12%	2%	12%	7%	2%	0%	0%	2%	0%	0%	0%	10%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Sephardic_Jews	18	25%	11%	25%	3%	11%	14%	11%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Cypriots	12	33%	0%	21%	13%	17%	13%	4%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Lezgins	16	19%	3%	22%	6%	22%	25%	3%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Nogay	14	39%	0%	21%	4%	21%	11%	4%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
North_Ossetian	13	31%	15%	35%	8%	4%	8%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Kumyk	13	38%	12%	15%	0%	19%	12%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	4%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Balkar	16	38%	6%	13%	9%	22%	9%	3%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Abhkasian	18	17%	6%	22%	14%	17%	22%	3%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Adygei	17	26%	6%	12%	3%	18%	26%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Chechen	18	31%	11%	14%	3%	19%	22%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Georgians	14	46%	0%	7%	4%	18%	21%	4%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Iranians	16	3%	6%	28%	3%	13%	28%	13%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	6%
Hazara	17	6%	0%	26%	3%	29%	26%	3%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	6%
Balochi	50	10%	4%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	86%
Balochi	15	10%	3%	10%	17%	23%	23%	7%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	7%
Kurd	26	19%	4%	19%	15%	21%	17%	4%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Turks	19	21%	8%	29%	8%	13%	16%	5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Iranian_Jews	4	13%	0%	13%	0%	0%	63%	13%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Iraqi_Jews	9	17%	0%	28%	17%	11%	28%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Lebanese	4	13%	0%	38%	38%	0%	13%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Lebanese_Muslim	25	14%	8%	14%	12%	12%	32%	8%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Armenian	27	24%	2%	19%	9%	2%	9%	4%	0%	0%	6%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	26%
Lebanese_Christian	24	33%	6%	15%	10%	6%	19%	6%	0%	2%	0%	0%	0%	0%	2%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Lebanese_Druze	24	17%	2%	31%	10%	13%	13%	13%	2%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Druze	20	25%	0%	8%	3%	8%	18%	3%	0%	0%	13%	0%	3%	0%	3%	0%	0%	0%	0%	20%
Syrians	15	33%	0%	13%	3%	23%	20%	3%	0%	0%	3%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Palestinian	51	18%	3%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	-21%
Palestinian	31	24%	2%	13%	6%	8%	26%	15%	2%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	2%	0%	0%	0%	0%	3%
Jordanians	19	13%	8%	29%	5%	13%	21%	11%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Saudis	19	5%	0%	26%	0%	8%	13%	26%	3%	0%	0%	3%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	16%
Yemenese	7	7%	0%	14%	7%	7%	14%	21%	14%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	14%
Yemenite_Jews	15	7%	0%	30%	3%	0%	30%	10%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	7%	0%	0%	0%	0%	13%
Bedouin	40	11%	0%	20%	15%	1%	20%	16%	0%	0%	4%	0%	1%	0%	1%	0%	0%	0%	0%	10%
Brahui	20	3%	0%	23%	10%	25%	13%	5%	0%	0%	10%	0%	0%	0%	8%	0%	0%	0%	0%	5%
Brahui	25	2%	2%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Burusho	25	18%	12%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	-30%
Burusho	25	14%	10%	18%	0%	16%	14%	4%	0%	0%	8%	0%	2%	0%	2%	0%	0%	0%	0%	12%
Kalash	25	12%	16%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Brahmins_TN&UP	9	6%	0%	17%	11%	6%	28%	11%	0%	0%	11%	0%	11%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Chamar	9	6%	0%	33%	11%	11%	11%	17%	0%	0%	11%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Hakkipikki	4	0%	0%	25%	0%	13%	38%	13%	0%	0%	0%	0%	13%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Chenchus	4	0%	0%	38%	0%	13%	0%	0%	0%	0%	13%	0%	13%	25%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Gond	2	0%	0%	50%	0%	0%	25%	0%	0%	0%	25%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Dharkars	9	0%	0%	22%	11%	28%	17%	17%	0%	0%	6%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Dusadh	6	0%	0%	33%	0%	25%	8%	8%	0%	0%	8%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	17%
Makrani	20	10%	3%	18%	8%	33%	23%	5%	0%	0%	3%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Pathan	21	19%	2%	14%	7%	24%	17%	17%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Lambadi	1	0%	0%	50%	0%	0%	50%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Meena	1	0%	0%	50%	0%	50%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Nihali	1	0%	0%	0%	0%	50%	50%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Tharus	2	25%	0%	25%	0%	0%	25%	25%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Uttar_Pradesh	5	0%	0%	60%	0%	20%	20%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Gujarati	32	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Sindhi	14	4%	0%	29%	7%	14%	32%	11%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	4%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Bengali	1	50%	0%	50%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Kurmi	1	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	100%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Kurumba	3	33%	0%	17%	0%	33%	0%	17%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
North_Kannadi	4	25%	0%	25%	38%	0%	13%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Muslim_India	5	10%	0%	20%	40%	0%	20%	10%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Meghawal	1	0%	0%	0%	50%	50%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Kol	14	0%	0%	36%	4%	21%	25%	14%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Kanjars	7	0%	0%	14%	0%	14%	64%	7%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Cochin_Jews	3	0%	0%	17%	0%	17%	33%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	33%
Mumbai_Jews	4	13%	0%	25%	0%	0%	0%	38%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	25%
Kshatriya	7	0%	0%	29%	0%	29%	43%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Velamas	7	7%	0%	21%	0%	43%	0%	29%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Pulliyar	1	0%	0%	0%	0%	100%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Tamil_Nadu	1	0%	0%	50%	0%	50%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Piramalai	8	0%	0%	31%	6%	25%	19%	19%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Singapore_Indian	78	8%	2%	27%	4%	18%	26%	12%	0%	0%	3%	0%	0%	0%	1%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Austroasiatic	11	5%	0%	32%	5%	5%	36%	18%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Tibeto-Burman_Burmese	14	0%	0%	32%	18%	18%	21%	11%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Tibeto-Burman_Garo	2	0%	0%	25%	0%	50%	25%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Cambodian	10	0%	0%	25%	10%	30%	25%	5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Vietnamese	21	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Malay	87	1%	0%	22%	13%	28%	30%	6%	1%	0%	0%	0%	1%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
NAN_Melanesian	10	0%	0%	20%	0%	0%	15%	65%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Papuan	17	0%	0%	68%	0%	0%	26%	6%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Miaozu	10	0%	0%	25%	0%	25%	50%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Oroqen	9	0%	0%	17%	0%	61%	22%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
She	9	0%	0%	33%	0%	11%	56%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Daur	9	0%	0%	17%	0%	56%	28%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Mongola	10	0%	0%	35%	5%	25%	30%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Mongolians	9	0%	0%	28%	0%	50%	11%	6%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	6%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Tuvinians	13	0%	0%	42%	0%	35%	23%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Nganassans	9	0%	0%	28%	0%	56%	11%	6%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Koryaks	10	0%	0%	40%	0%	50%	0%	10%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Chukchis	11	0%	0%	41%	0%	45%	9%	5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Dai	10	0%	0%	35%	0%	10%	55%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Evenkis	11	0%	0%	32%	0%	45%	23%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Yakut	20	0%	0%	40%	0%	43%	18%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Hezhen	7	0%	0%	43%	0%	36%	21%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Xibo	9	0%	0%	11%	0%	44%	39%	0%	0%	0%	6%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Tu	8	0%	0%	13%	0%	31%	50%	0%	0%	0%	6%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Tujia	10	0%	0%	5%	5%	45%	35%	10%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Yizu	10	0%	0%	35%	0%	15%	40%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	10%
Yukaghirs	4	0%	13%	38%	0%	38%	13%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Selkups	9	39%	44%	11%	0%	6%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Altaians	12	0%	4%	17%	0%	17%	21%	0%	0%	0%	8%	0%	0%	0%	4%	4%	0%	0%	0%	25%
Tadjik	14	7%	11%	18%	7%	36%	18%	4%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Uzbeks	15	3%	13%	27%	23%	13%	20%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Uygur	10	10%	0%	20%	0%	35%	35%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Buryats	15	7%	0%	10%	0%	57%	23%	3%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Egyptians	11	23%	0%	18%	18%	14%	18%	9%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Moroccan_Jews	12	33%	8%	17%	8%	8%	25%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Moroccans	7	0%	0%	29%	7%	7%	21%	29%	7%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Mozabite_Berber	18	6%	0%	44%	25%	0%	14%	6%	0%	0%	0%	3%	0%	0%	3%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Ethiopian_Jews	10	5%	0%	15%	20%	0%	15%	15%	15%	0%	5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	10%
Ethiopians	19	8%	0%	16%	16%	11%	24%	11%	16%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Ethiopian_Afar	3	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Ethiopian_Amhara	18	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Ethiopian_Anuak	18	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Ethiopian_Ari_blacksmith	6	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Ethiopian_Ari_cultivator	15	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Ethiopian_Gumuz	6	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Ethiopian_Oromo	17	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Ethiopian_Tigray	17	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Ethiopian_Wolayta	3	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Somali	14	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Sudanese	17	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Hadza	11	0%	0%	0%	0%	5%	0%	45%	9%	5%	32%	5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Bantu	18	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	11%	28%	3%	3%	19%	0%	3%	0%	0%	0%	6%	0%	28%
Mandenka	18	0%	0%	8%	3%	19%	0%	11%	25%	3%	3%	11%	0%	0%	0%	0%	6%	0%	0%	11%
Mbuti_Pygmies	13	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	15%	12%	31%	0%	4%	15%	0%	15%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	8%
Biaka_Pygmies	22	0%	0%	0%	14%	0%	9%	2%	36%	14%	2%	0%	7%	0%	2%	0%	0%	0%	0%	14%
San	31	2%	3%	10%	5%	3%	34%	2%	5%	0%	13%	6%	0%	0%	0%	0%	2%	0%	0%	16%
Sandawe	28	0%	0%	9%	23%	2%	14%	13%	11%	11%	4%	0%	0%	11%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	4%
African_American	33	2%	5%	5%	17%	3%	0%	9%	26%	6%	3%	2%	0%	0%	2%	2%	0%	0%	0%	21%
Peruvian	53	0%	0%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	100%
Colombian	30	8%	5%	13%	5%	17%	10%	3%	0%	0%	12%	0%	0%	0%	5%	3%	0%	2%	0%	17%
Ecuadorian	16	9%	3%	22%	6%	34%	6%	3%	0%	0%	3%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	13%
Puerto_Rican	26	10%	6%	35%	6%	10%	8%	6%	8%	0%	0%	2%	0%	2%	0%	0%	2%	0%	0%	8%
Dominican	25	4%	4%	28%	4%	10%	12%	0%	8%	2%	6%	6%	0%	2%	2%	0%	0%	0%	0%	12%
Mexican	46	8%	1%	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	91%
West_Greenlanders	10	20%	15%	25%	0%	30%	5%	5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
East_Greenlanders	7	14%	7%	21%	0%	14%	14%	0%	0%	0%	14%	0%	7%	0%	7%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Pima	10	0%	0%	25%	0%	75%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Surui	3	17%	0%	33%	0%	50%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Karitiana	6	33%	0%	17%	0%	33%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	17%
Mayan	20	8%	0%	43%	0%	50%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Denisova	1	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	100%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Neanderthal*	1	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	50%	0%	0%	0%	0%	50%	0%
*rs11635884=C and rs6497284=C predicted
ND: not determined

Edit: July 02, 2013:

I got some questions why some populations have let's say 20% Branch/haplotype #1 and #2 but not 20% of the population has light eye colors. The reasons is because haplotype 1 and 2 are recessive.
Thus, in order to get light eye colors not one but 2 copies/alleles are needed, one inherited from the father, one from the mother.
How to calculate frequency of light eyes in a population based on my presented tables (based on the Hardy-Weinberg principle):
Frequency of light eyes in a population = (%ht1 +%ht2) $2$

Example1: Germans have 46% ht1 and 33% ht2.
(46%+33%)

2

= (0.46 + 0.33)

2

= 0.79

2

= 0.62
= 62%
$62% of the Germans have light eye color based on the HERC2 genotype.$

Related:
The color of the eyes: 7 HERC2 variants in the Kurdish gene pool
The color of the eyes: 7 HERC2 variants in the Eurasian gene pool
The color of the eyes: at least 17 HERC2 variants in Human gene pool