Just an update of Kurdish Y haplogroups (N=529):
Used publications:
Nebel et al., 2001
Wells et al., 2001
Stenersen et al., 2004
Nasidze et al., 2005
Gokcumen et al., 2011
Grugni et al., 2012
Malyarchuk et al., 2013
Cristofaro et al., 2013
Haplogroup C
1x C-RPS4Y (Iranian Kurds in Malyarchuk et al., 2013)
1x C-RPS4Y (Zaza from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
1x C-RPS4Y (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
Haplogroup E
7x E a.k.a. hg21 (Iraqi Kurds in Nebel et al., 2001)
3x E-YAP (Zaza from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
10x E-YAP (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
3x E-SRY4064 (Iranian Kurds in Malyarchuk et al., 2013)
5x E1b (Kurdish village Dogukoy*/Central Anatolia in Gokcumen et al., 2011)
12x E1b1 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
1x E1b1b1a1-M78* (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
1x E1b1b1a1-M78 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
8x E1b1b1b2a1-M34 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
2x E1b1b1b2a1-M34 (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
1x E1b1b1b2a1a-M84 (Alevi Kurmanji from Dersim/Turkey)
1x E1b1b1b2a1a-M84 (Kurmanji from paternally Agri, Erzurum, Kars/Turkey)
1x E1b1b1b2a1a-M84 (1/2 Alevi Kurmanji paternally, 1/2 Sunni Kurmanji maternally from Bingol, Kighi, Turkey)
1x E1b1b1b2a1a-M84 (Sorani from Sulaymaniyah/Iraq)
1x E1b1b1a1c-V22 (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
3x E1b1b1c-V13 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
Haplogroup F
2x F-M89 (Zaza from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
10x F-M89 (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
3x F-M89 (Kurmanji from Georgia in Nasidze et al., 2005)
6x F-M89 (Kurds from Turkmenistan in Nasidze et al., 2005; originally used in Wells et al., 2001)
Haplogroup G
2x G1-M285 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x G1-M285 (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
1x G-M201 (Zaza from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
2x G-M201 (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
8x G-M201 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
2x G-M201 (Iranian Kurds in Malyarchuk et al., 2013)
2x G2* (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
3x G2a* (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x G2a (Alevi Kurmanji from Turkey)
1x G2a (Kurd from Turkey)
1x G2a-P15 (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
16x G+I a.k.a. hg2 (Iraqi Kurds in Nebel et al., 2001)
Haplogroup H
1x H1-M52 (Kurds from Turkmenistan in Nasidze et al., 2005; originally used in Wells et al., 2001)
1x H1-M52 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
1x H1a-M82 (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
Haplogroup I
4x I-M170 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
9x I-M170 (Zaza from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
14x I-M170 (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
1x I-M170 (Iranian Kurds in Malyarchuk et al., 2013)
1x I2-M438 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x I2a2a-M223 (Kurdish village Dogukoy*/Central Anatolia in Gokcumen et al., 2011)
1x I2a2a* (old I2b1*; Z161+, L1228-, L1229-, L1230-, L1226-, L699-, L701-, L702-, L703-, L704-, M379-)(Sorani from Sulaymaniyah/Iraq)
1x I2a2b-L38 (Kurdish village Dogukoy*/Central Anatolia in Gokcumen et al., 2011)
Haplogroup J (J1+J2)
15x J-12f2 (Iranian Kurds in Malyarchuk et al., 2013)
Haplogroup J1
1x J1 a.k.a. hg9 (Eu10) (Iraqi Kurds in Nebel et al., 2001)
1x J1 (Kurdish village Dogukoy*/Central Anatolia in Gokcumen et al., 2011)
19x J1-M267 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
1x J1-M267 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x J1-M267* (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
5x J1 (Feyli, originally from Iran)
1x J1 (Z2223+) (Alevi with Zaza ancestry from Dersim; E11334 (Suleyman Efendi 19th century Askale Erzurum, Turkey))
1x J1 ( L817+ L818+ L816-; Kurd from Turkey; N91920 (Kurdish Serzer, 1805 - 1846, Turkey))
1x J1b2b-P58 (old J1c3; Kurd from Turkey)
1x J1b2b-P58 (old J1c3; Sorani from Iran)
1x J1b2b-P58 (old J1c3; Kurd from Iraq)
2x J1b2b-P58 (old J1c3; Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x J1a2b-Page8 (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
1x J1b2b2 (L147.1+, L222.2-, L92-, L93-, M267+; N88767
(Sulaymania, Iraq (Kurdistan) of sharif descent)
Haplogroup J2
20x J2 (Kurdish village Dogukoy*/Central Anatolia in Gokcumen et al., 2011)
27x J2 a.k.a. hg9 (Eu9) (Iraqi Kurds in Nebel et al., 2001)
12x J2-M172 (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
8x J2-M172 (Kurmanji from Georgia in Nasidze et al., 2005)
3x J2-M172 (Kurds from Turkmenistan in Nasidze et al., 2005; originally used in Wells et al., 2001)
29x J2-M172 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
1x J2 (Zaza from Dersim/Turkey)
1x J2 (Zaza from Baltas/Varto, Turkey)
1x J2 (Kurmanji from Dohuk)
1x J2 (Kurmanji from Turkey)
1x J2 (Alevi Kurmanji from Dersim/Turkey)
1x J2a*-M410 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x J2a-M410* (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
3x J2a1*-Page55 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
3x J2a1-Page55 (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
1x J2a1a-M47 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x J2a1a-M322 (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
1x J2a1a (J2a4a at ISOGG 2009; he is M47+, M322+)(Yezidi from Iraq)
4x J2a1b*-M67 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x J2a1b*-M67 (Zaza from Turkey)
1x J2a1b1-M92 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
4x J2a1h-M530 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x J2a1h-M530 (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
Haplogroup L
1x L a.k.a. hg28 (Iraqi Kurds in Nebel et al., 2001)
1x L-M11* (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
5x L-M20 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
2x L-M20 (Iranian Kurds in Malyarchuk et al., 2013)
1x L1a-M76 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x L1a-M76 (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
1x L1b-M317 (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
1x L1c-M357 (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
Haplogroup P
1x P-M45 (Zaza from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
5x P-M45 (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
1x P-M45 (Kurmanji from Georgia in Nasidze et al., 2005)
Haplogroup Q
1x Q (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
Haplogroup R1
1x R1*-M173 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
Haplogroup R1a
1x R1a (Kurdish village Dogukoy*/Central Anatolia in Gokcumen et al., 2011)
11x R1a a.k.a. hg3(Eu19) (Iraqi Kurds in Nebel et al., 2001)
1x R1a*(L62+, L63+, SRY10831.2-, M17-) (Yezidi Kurd from Georgia)
7x R1a1a-M17 (Zaza from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
11x R1a1a-M17 (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
2x R1a1a-M17 (Kurds from Turkmenistan in Nasidze et al., 2005; originally used in Wells et al., 2001)
12x R1a1a-M17 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
2x R1a1a-M198/M17 (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
11x R1a1a-M17 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
1x R1a1a (Z93+, L342+, L657-, Z2122-)(Sorani from Sulaymaniyah/Iraq)
1x R1a1a (Z283+, Z282+, Z284-, M458-, Z280-, subclade 3 only his paternal great-grandfather is Kurdish from Turkey)
1x R1a1a (Alevi Zaza from Dersim/Turkey)
1x R1a1a (Alevi Kurmanji from Dersim/Turkey)
1x R1a1a (Kurmanji from Adıyaman and Gaziantep (now in Konya area)
1x R1a1a (Kurd from Turkey)
1x R1a1a (Sorani from Sulaymaniyah/Iraq)
Haplogroup R1b?
3x R1-M173 (Zaza from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
4x R1-M173 (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
5x R1-M173 (Kurds from Turkmenistan in Nasidze et al., 2005; originally used in Wells et al., 2001)
Haplogroup R1b
2x R1b-M343 (Kurdish village Dogukoy*/Central Anatolia in Gokcumen et al., 2011)
1x R1b-M343 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
13x R1b-M343 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
1x R1b1a2*-M269 (Kurmanji from Zakho/Iraq)
2x R1b1a2a-L23/L49 (Zaza from Turkey)
1x R1b1a2a-L23/L49 (Zaza from Lebanon, originally from Dersim)
2x R1b1a2a-L23 (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
1x R1b1b2a1a-L52,P311,L11,P310 (Zaza from Sivas, originally from Dersim)
1x R1b1 (P25+)(Kurmanji from Maras/Elbistan/Turkey)
16x R1+R1b+R2 a.k.a. hg1 (Iraqi Kurds in Nebel et al., 2001)
Haplogroup R2
1x R2 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
7x R2a-M124 (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
11x R2a-M124 (Kurmanji from Georgia in Nasidze et al., 2005)
2x R2a-M124 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
1x R2a-M124 (Iranian Kurds in Malyarchuk et al., 2013)
1x R2a (Sorani from Sulaymaniyah/Iraq)
1x R2a (3/4 Zaza from Bingol; 1/4 Kurmanji from Bitlis)
Haplogroup T
11x K-M9 (probably T) (Kurmanji from Turkey in Nasidze et al., 2005)
2x K-M9 (probably T) (Kurmanji from Georgia in Nasidze et al., 2005)
4x T a.k.a. hg26 (Iraqi Kurds in Nebel et al., 2001)
1x T (Sorani from Koysinjaq/Iraq)
2x T-M184 (Kurdistan-Iran in Cristofaro et al., 2013)
3x T1a-M70 (Iraqi Kurds in Stenersen et al., 2004; based on Athey's Haplogroup predictor)
5x T1a-M70 (Iranian Kurds in Grugni et al., 2012)
More data can be found here:
Kurdish Y-DNA Part I
Kurdish Y-DNA Part II
Kurdish Y-DNA Part III
Kurdish Y-DNA Part IV
Kurdish Y-DNA Part V
Kurdish Y-DNA Part VI
Kurdish Y-DNA Part VII
Kurdish Y-DNA Part IX
Thanks for the update Palisto..
ReplyDeleteCristoforo paper is interesting.. Which ethnicity do you think Khorasan stand for here? as I see there is no any C,N,Q and high percentage of R1a and some M34s presented could they be the deported Kurds? They are also nearly overlapping with Kordestan sample on plots..
Anyway I asked which samples could be positive for M84 at M35 forums, IR5_17 seems to be M84+, I'm waiting for more reeponse maybe other Kurdish sample is also positive for M84..
Khorasan has a heterogeneous population, not only Kurds. All samples of Iran are nearly overlapping.
DeleteData seem to be based on DNA-Fingerprint, for modifications see link.
http://www.smgf.org/ychromosome/marker_standards.jspx
IR5_8 from Kurdistan-Iran could be M84+.
Best matches at FTDNA are (comparing 43 STRs):
42% 143518 Gledhill England (M84+)
43% 51408 Nusan-Meir (surname unknown), Odessa, 1850s Ukraine (M84+)
44% 159513 Alaamer Bahrain (M84+)
IR5_17 from Kurdistan-Iran could be M84+.
Best matches at FTDNA are (comparing 43 STRs):
47% 159513 Alaamer Bahrain (M84+)
59% N13626 Yehosua (Joshua) Weinstein, 1888-1944 Hungary (M84+)
60% 14050 Slagle Germany (M84+)
Interestingly, some of the best "European" matches are Ashkenazi Jewish.
It would be interesting if any of M84+ Kurd tested at FTDNA.. There are a few Jewish clusters and one big Misc cluster for M84+.. We don't know what cluster would be Kurds in since noone have tested yet..
DeleteI'll do mine in near future..
How did I2a2a(I2a2a and I2a2b), R1b1a2a1a L11, and R1a1a1b1a Z282 get to Kurdistan. Those are all European Y DNA haplogroups. R1b1a2a1a L11 probably spread with Germanic and Italo Celtic languages and is very exclusive to western Europe, R1a1a1b1 Z283 with Corded ware culture which also brought ancestral language to Balto Slavic. And Y DNa I itself has been in Europe for probably over 25,000 years unless it originated there then even longer. I2a2 is mainly in central Europe. These probably take up a very small percentage of total Y DNA of Kurd's. Maybe the R1b1a2a1a L11 and I2a2 is from recent contact with western Europeans like British. And the R1a1a1b1a Z282 could have over time through inter marriage after inter marriage ended up in Kurdistan. The Y DNA Q and C may be from Turkic tribes like Huns that migrated and conquered areas all over Eurasia in early AD's.
ReplyDeleteNon-Caucasian I2 and European R1a's may be brought to Kurdistan by Cimmerians and Scythians.. We don't know what % of R1a is Z93+ or Z283+ for Kurds yet, since there is not much Kurds tested for further SNPs.. My guess would be Northern Kurds would be more Z283+ like while rest is Z93+..
DeleteThere is only 1 Q is here and we don't know if it is West Asian Q1b or came from the Steppes.. Also 2 C's are from Nasidze's paper I wouldn't bet my money on that paper..
Very interesting stuff indeed and great work! So from the looks of it the largest Y-DNA haplogroups among Kurds seem to be J2a, R1a1 and E1b1b in that order. Would you say that seems to be correct?
ReplyDeleteOverall you are correct, however, there are a lot of regional differences, e.g. Feyli Kurds have a lot of J1, Anatolia has more I, Kurdistan-Iran/Iraq has some L, etc.
DeleteOkay thanks for the reply. Do you know if certain tribes are comprised of one main haplogroup or not? Or are all Kurdish tribes pretty mixed when it comes to Y-DNA?
ReplyDeleteMy Feyli friend has just completed 23andme. We would like to learn more and share his results with you if helpful?
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